Influência da ventilação mecânica, idade e ocorrência de incidentes em pacientes com doenças crônicas internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Introduction: Patient safety is one of the main health concerns in Brazil and worldwide. The occurrence of incidents especially affects the most vulnerable populations, especially patients with chronic diseases, using mechanical ventilation and of advanced age, and may even result in death. Given this, analyzing the rate of occurrence of these incidents by respiratory physiotherapists can promote patient safety. Objective: To investigate the influence of incidents monitored by physiotherapists in patients with chronic diseases admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study that included analysis of medical records of patients with chronic diseases, admitted to an ICU from January 2019 to April 2021 in a hospital in a Brazilian metropolitan capital. The following variables were collected: sex, age, chronic diseases, severity classification, use of mechanical ventilation, mortality, occurrence of incidents and their characteristics, and length of stay. To determine mortality, the Cox model was used, using hazard ratio, with α=0.05. Results: 343 medical records were included (56.3% male, 73.2% aged 60 years or older and 51.3% suffered at least one incident). Increased age (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00; 1.04), the use of mechanical ventilation, which increased the risk of death by seven times (HR 7.34, CI 95) represented a greater risk of death. %3.21; 16.81) and the occurrence of an incident (HR 2.66, 95% CI 1.65; 4.28). Physical therapists were the professionals who reported the most incidents, and those with serious damage were more common during the night, and in this same shift, the lowest incidence of notifications of notifiable circumstances was observed. Conclusion: The findings presented in this study suggest that the occurrence of incidents in patients with chronic diseases admitted to an ICU increase the length of stay and mortality.