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Criopreservação de oócitos para fertilidade futura: comparação da resposta ovariana entre pacientes oncológicas e não oncológicas
(Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, 2018-03-27) Moraes, Camila Cruz de; Marinho, Ricardo Mello
Background: the cryopreservation of human embryos in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles is a well-established, reliable and routinely performed technique in assisted reproduction laboratories. Oocyte cryopreservation gained importance because it became an option to preserve the fertility of women with cancer or other diseases whose treatment could compromise their ovarian reserve. Currently, the group that seeks the oocytes cryopreservation most is women who have a desire to be mothers, but who do not see the possibility of becoming pregnant at the moment, either for lack of partner or professional, economic or personal issues. The difference between these two groups is: patients who freeze their oocytes by postponing motherhood are healthy, while cancer patients are carriers of a potentially fatal, consumptive illness. It is questioned whether the cancer patients would have a smaller ovarian reserve, presenting a lower response during ovulation induction. Objective: evaluate if the occurrence of a diagnosis of cancer interferes, in some way, in ovarian function, prior to the treatment of the disease. Material and methods: retrospective study, through analysis of medical records and the electronic database of the laboratory with information about ovarian stimulation cycles for oocytes cryopreservation. Results: The mean age was 35.13 ± 3.72 years, and 51.6% of the pacients were between 36 and 40 years old. The majority of patients were single, 57.6% in both groups. 82.1% of the patients presented normal weight to the body mass index (BMI) in both groups. Most women had no pregnancies (85.5%), no births (95.1%), and no abortions (89.6%) prior to cryopreservation. Most patients, 85.9%, performed only one puncture. In most cycles, the Antagonist protocol was used for the non-oncologic and oncological groups (74.4% and 86.4%, respectively). The mean number of gonadotrophin (FSH and hMG) units used was 2,288.1 ± 1,159.4 for non-cancer patients and 2,355.9 ± 1,182 for cancer patients. For 28.3% of the women there were 13 days of induction until the day of the ovarian puncture. The mean number of oocytes obtained for non-cancer patients was 11.4 ± 8 and for cancer patients this number was 13.8 ± 9. The mean number of frozen mature oocytes was 9.7 ± 7 for the non oncological group and 11.2 ± 7.2 for the oncological group. The majority (63.1%) of the patients, frozen up to 10 oocytes per cycle. The most incident cancer was the breast cancer. There was no significant difference in ovarian response according to the type of cancer. Conclusion: The response to ovarian stimulation of oncological and non-oncological patients is similar, since the number of oocytes obtained and frozen from the two groups studied was similar